Abstract：Conversations around urination, defecation, menstruation, even toilets themselves, have long been taboo in China, but this changed dramatically in 2015 with the launch of a ‘toilet revolution’. From where to go, to how to go, what was traditionally considerednobody’s business suddenly became everyone’s business. Since then, facilities have been built or renovated in their thousands, all to improve health, stimulate economic productivity and reinforce China’s image as a modern, civilized nation. Toilets fordisabled people, in contrast, appear to have been overlooked despite increasing commitments to more accessible environments. Through critical analysis of policy and other guiding documents, this research provides the first academic assessment of the inclusivity of China’s public ‘toiletscape’. We explore how governments locate and imagine disabled people through the landscape of accessible toilet policy and find that, while China now offers more options for disabled people through ‘barrier-free facilities’, accessible toilets are often overlooked as mandatory requirements. Even when facilities are considered, disabled people are only considered one of many potential users. We reveal how ableism and developmentalism can distort even well-meaning attempts atinclusion and make recommendations so that disabled people in China and elsewherecan benefit from ‘toilet revolutions’ of their own.

Keywords：Disability,China,toilet revolution,toiletscape,ableism,accessibility

摘要：长期以来，围绕排尿、排便、月经甚至厕所本身的讨论在中国一直被视为禁忌，但2015年发起的“厕所革命”改变了这一局面。从去哪里上厕所，到如何上厕所，过去被认为是“闲事”的话题突然变成了人人关心的大事。自那时起，数以千计的厕所设施得以新建或改造，旨在改善卫生、刺激经济生产力，并强化中国作为现代文明国家的形象。然而，针对残疾人的厕所似乎被忽视了，尽管中国日益承诺要打造更无障碍的环境。本研究通过对政策及其他指导性文件的批判性分析，首次从学术角度评估了中国公共“厕所景观”的包容性。我们探讨了各级政府如何通过无障碍厕所政策的空间布局来定位和想象残疾人，并发现：尽管中国现在通过“无障碍设施”为残疾人提供了更多选择，但无障碍厕所往往被忽视，未能成为强制性的要求。即使在考虑这些设施时，残疾人也只是众多潜在使用者之一。我们揭示了健全身体歧视和发展主义如何扭曲即使是初衷良好的包容性尝试，并据此提出建议，以便中国及其他地区的残疾人能够从属于自己的“厕所革命”中受益。